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Assessment of AI and robotic solutions for testing

National Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology  (INRIA)

Josephinum Research (JR)

RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

This service includes all essential actions to gather knowledge, design, and document the client’s needs regarding Testing and Experimentation Facility (TEF) services. Through close collaboration with the client, we ensure that all technical, operational, and methodological aspects are clearly outlined, forming a solid foundation for future testing phases. By conducting these preparatory activities, we deliver a comprehensive setup analysis that serves as the entry point for subsequent testing and validation services and provision of datasets. This ensures that testing can be carried out efficiently, aligning with the client’s specific requirements while leveraging TEF’s expertise and infrastructure. Ultimately, this service streamlines the testing process, reduces uncertainties, and enhances the overall efficiency of AI and robotic solution validation.

Test design

Test setup

Collection of test data during physical testing

Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI)

Università degli Studi di Milano (UMIL)

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

Through this service, we offer dedicated technical systems (hardware and software) and expertise for the collection of relevant data during testing.

The scope of data collected can range from data generated by the AgrifoodTEF technical infrastructure (e.g., through the installation of IoT sensors) to the collection of data generated by the system under test to the generation of ground truth for evaluating the system. If necessary, service S00111 may be leveraged to take care of the interconnection between AgrifoodTEF data collection systems and the customer’s systems.

In addition to the raw collected data, we will also provide customers with complete documentation describing the logged features and conditions of the testing environment at the time of testing, as well as any parameter values, variation ranges and specifics required for reproducibility purposes.

Where necessary, data collection and documentation activities can require the involvement of field experts (e.g., engineers, agronomists).

Note: annotation and labelling of collected data, if needed, can be provided via service S00115.

Collection of test data

Data validation and processing

Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI)

Università degli Studi di Milano (UMIL)

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

Through this service, we offerers the ability to validate and augment the data collected during the different testing phases. Examples of operations that this service can provide include quality checks (e.g., presence of all datastreams, presence of drop-outs, technical quality such as focus or exposure of camera images, agronomic significance of data); preparation for performance evaluation (e.g., identification of the images containing selected visual markers or specific plants, association between images from the system under test and the ground truth); data processing (e.g., transcoding); and augmentation (e.g., generation and incorporation of metadata). Data labelling (e.g., to enable training of AI models) is not included as it is the object of a separate service (S00291).

Data analysis

Data augmentation

Design of evaluation metrics for physical testing

Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI)

Università degli Studi di Milano (UMIL)

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

Any physical test activity involves three main components: environment (where the tests take place), protocol (defining what tests are executed and how) and evaluation metrics (used to assess the results of the tests). This service concerns the last element; its goal is to design the best metrics to evaluate the performance of a customer solution, taking into consideration the use cases specified by the customer and the environment and protocol chosen for the tests (which, if needed, can be designed via services S00106 and S00107).

Our team will identify and define with customers the most adequate set of quantitative (i.e., based on instrumental measurements) and/or qualitative (i.e., relying on expert human judgement) metrics to assess the system functionalities of interest. This phase will involve, in particular, agronomists and experts in agricultural machinery.

Based on the defined evaluation metrics, a set of requirements for the collection of required data and ground truth annotations will also be defined accordingly. For instance, the service may lay out the specifications for dedicated data collection campaigns (possibly executed via service S00113). This phase will involve engineers and experts in AI and robotics.

On request, the output of the service will include analyses on additional environmental factors than those directly tracked through the designed metrics (e.g., seasonal effects, impact of test distribution over time on results).

Test design

Evaluation of ethical aspects in agrifood technology design and development

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

We offer a specialised service to companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), that develop AI- and robotics-based products and services for the agri-food sector. Our service supports these companies in integrating ethical considerations throughout the design and development process of their AI- or robotics-based products and services. By utilising Value Sensitive Design (VSD) methods, we ensure that human values such as sustainability, fairness, transparency, and privacy are incorporated into technological solutions from the outset. Through stakeholder analysis, participatory design, value scenarios, and ethical reflection, we guide companies in creating responsible, innovative technologies that align with societal needs and ethical standards.

Desk assessment

ELSA assessment

Test design

Providing demonstration testing on the test field of robotic or AI-driven solutions

Lukasiewicz Poznanski Instytut Technologiczny (L-PIT)

Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC)

Wielkopolska Agricultural Advisory Center in Poznań (WODR)

As part of the service, a testbed will be provided for product demonstration of robotic machines along with AI systems. The polygon will be configured and prepared to meet the customer's individual needs in terms of field operations, technological processes, and communication. The service provider will provide polygons with a variety of surfaces according to the customer's specifications, e.g., meadow, ploughed field. The service will include soil moisture control, continuous monitoring of the field, and all activities carried out on it. The service providers will provide the necessary assistance and infrastructure needed to support the fieldwork carried out by the surveyed sites. The service may also involve demonstration of AI systems used in apiaries.

Data analysis

Desk assessment

People training

Performance evaluation

Provision of datasets

Test design

Test execution

Test setup

Technology advancement and readiness assessment

Lukasiewicz Poznanski Instytut Technologiczny (L-PIT)

Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC)

Wielkopolska Agricultural Advisory Center in Poznań (WODR)

This service helps you understand where your AI-powered product, system, or software stands in terms of technological maturity. We conduct a basic, yet structured evaluation of your solution—including physical testing of selected components and general system behaviour—to identify its current development stage and key areas that need improvement. We also assess the quality of documentation, system architecture, and software implementation. For example, when evaluating an apple-picking robot, we assess the readiness and integration of its core subsystems: the gripper mechanism, robotic arm kinematics and control, and the vision system responsible for detecting ripe fruit. We analyse areas where current solutions can be improved or require some redesign and whether the robot as a whole can effectively perform “scene ”cleaning”—removing ripe apples while preserving unripe ones and the plant structure. Based on our findings, we prepare a clear roadmap and a development plan with recommendations for the next steps, which may include further testing or refinement through other agrifoodTEF services. As part of the process, we also confirm the current Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of each major component. The outcome helps you focus your R&D work and understand what is still required to move your solution closer to full deployment and commercial readiness.

Conformity assessment

Test and validate intelligent solutions based on sensors to optimise livestock farming

Centre d'Estudis Porcins (CEP)

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

The service validates that the tested solution performs as expected by the vendor or manufacturer. The objective is to detect potential mistakes in the sensor readings, the processing of the signal gathered by the sensor or in the intelligent component deriving the final information to be provided to the user to optimise livestock farming . The test can be performed at sensor or application level. The tests and validation can be performed in a laboratory or in an experimental pig farm equipped with automatic and manual measures of different variables (feed, water, CO2, NH3, temperature, ventilation, liveweight, etc.)

Collection of test data

User Experience (UX) Evaluation

Universitat de Lleida (UdL)

This service is offered by the UsabiliLAB, which specialises in advancing the usability and accessibility of interactive products and services. The service helps companies, particularly SMEs, develop AI and robotics solutions that are not only innovative but also more efficient, effective, and user-friendlier, while considering their accessibility.

The UsabiliLAB offers assessments, including conformity regarding relevant standards, and provides actionable insights to enhance usability and accessibility across various platforms, including:

Web Pages: We evaluate and refine agricultural web platforms to make them more intuitive and accessible.
Mobile Applications: Our detailed assessments help improve the usability of mobile apps, making them more user-friendly and accessible to a wider audience.
Other Interactive Products: from software interfaces to agricultural machinery, we analyse and improve any product with a user interface, ensuring that they are easy to use and meet the needs of your target audience.

Collection of test data

Conformity assessment